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選校必備干貨|EA/ED/RD你該知道這些

發(fā)布時(shí)間：2023-08-09

2023-2024美本申請(qǐng)季已悄然來(lái)臨，選校正當(dāng)時(shí)，關(guān)于美本申請(qǐng)的類型、各個(gè)類型的優(yōu)勢(shì)和劣勢(shì)、針對(duì)不同的申請(qǐng)類型應(yīng)該注意的選校策略，你了解清楚了嗎？

01申請(qǐng)類型名詞解釋

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美本申請(qǐng)的類型，通常分為提前申請(qǐng)【又分為早決定Early Decision (ED)、早行動(dòng)Early Action (EA)和限制性早行動(dòng)Restrictive Early Action(REA)/ Single-choice Early Action（SCEA）】、常規(guī)申請(qǐng)Regular Decision(RD)和滾動(dòng)申請(qǐng)Rolling Admissions。具體的介紹如下：

1.早決定Early Decision (ED)

ED is a binding admission plan that requires you to commit to a first-choice college at the time of application and, if admitted, you agree to enroll and withdraw your other college applications. You, the student, a parent or guardian, and your high school counselor are all required to sign an Early Decision Agreement as confirmation that you understand the binding, restrictive nature of this decision plan and that you commit to the Agreement’s components. Colleges may offer ED I and II options with different deadlines. Most ED I deadlines fall in November and applicants will receive their decision by mid to-late December, while most ED II deadlines fall in January and applicants will receive their decision by the end of February. You may only have one active Early Decision application at a time. If admitted under an Early Decision plan, your deadline to officially enroll will be approximately two to four weeks after you receive your acceptance letter. Given the common deadlines, Early Decision I applications may only include your grades from freshman, sophomore, and junior year. It is more common for colleges to ask for mid-term or mid-semester grades from senior year with an Early Decision I application.

ED是有約束力的綁定性質(zhì)的入學(xué)計(jì)劃，如果被錄取，申請(qǐng)人同意注冊(cè)入學(xué)并撤回其他大學(xué)申請(qǐng)。學(xué)生，家長(zhǎng)或監(jiān)護(hù)人，以及高中counselor都需要簽署一份提前決定協(xié)議，以確認(rèn)申請(qǐng)人了解本決定計(jì)劃的約束力和限制性，并承諾遵守協(xié)議的組成部分。

大學(xué)可能會(huì)提供ED I和ED II選項(xiàng)，約束綁定性質(zhì)相同，但截止日期不同。大多數(shù)ED I的截止日期為11月，申請(qǐng)人將在12月中/下旬收到?jīng)Q定，而大多數(shù)ED II的截止日期為1月，申請(qǐng)人將在2月中/下旬收到?jīng)Q定。一次只有一所學(xué)?？梢陨暾?qǐng)Early Decision。

重點(diǎn)解讀：

申請(qǐng)者只能選擇一所大學(xué)以 ED 的方式申請(qǐng)，在申請(qǐng)時(shí)必須簽署 Early Decision Agreement（需學(xué)生本人，學(xué)生家長(zhǎng)，school counselor 三方簽字），一旦簽署，意味著如果被該大學(xué)錄取就一定會(huì)報(bào)到入學(xué)，且要撤銷其他院校的申請(qǐng)。

2.早行動(dòng)Early Action (EA)

Students apply by an earlier deadline—usually in November or early December—to receive a decision in advance of the college’s Regular Decision notification date. Decisions for Early Action applications are usually released between December–February. If admitted under an Early Action plan, you will typically have until May 1 to make your final enrollment decision.

學(xué)生在較早的截止日期前申請(qǐng)，通常是在11月或12月初，以便在大學(xué)的常規(guī)決定出結(jié)果日期之前收到?jīng)Q定。早期行動(dòng)申請(qǐng)的決定通常在12月至2月之間公布。如果被早行動(dòng)計(jì)劃錄取，通常要到次年5月1日才能做出最終的入學(xué)決定。

重點(diǎn)解讀：

無(wú)捆綁約束，可以同時(shí)申請(qǐng)多所學(xué)校的EA，這種方式不要求學(xué)生被錄取時(shí)必須接受該錄取, 最晚5月1日前才需要決定是否接受錄取。

3.限制性早行動(dòng)(REA)/ （SCEA）

Restrictive/Single Choice Early Action (REA): Similar to Early Action, REA applicants apply by an earlier deadline—usually in November—to receive an admission decision in advance of the Regular Decision notification date. In addition to the earlier deadline, REA applications come with specific regulations and restrictions the applicant must abide by. The most common restrictions prohibit students from submitting either a) any Early Decision applications, b) any other Early Action applications, or c) both a and b. Very few colleges use REA plans and you should always consult their individual websites to confirm what their specific restrictions are. If admitted under a Restrictive Early Action plan, you will typically have until May 1 to make your final enrollment decision.

與早行動(dòng)類似，限制性早申請(qǐng)的申請(qǐng)人在較早的截止日期(通常是11月)前申請(qǐng)，以便在常規(guī)決定通知日期之前收到錄取決定。除了較早的截止日期外，限制性早申請(qǐng)還帶有特定的規(guī)定和限制，申請(qǐng)人必須遵守。

最常見(jiàn)的限制是禁止學(xué)生提交a)任何提前決定ED申請(qǐng)，b)任何其他提前行動(dòng)申請(qǐng)，或c) a和b兩項(xiàng)申請(qǐng)。很少有大學(xué)使用REA計(jì)劃，你應(yīng)該查詢學(xué)校的網(wǎng)站，以確認(rèn)它們的具體限制是什么。如果在限制性早行動(dòng)計(jì)劃下被錄取，你通常要到5月1日才能做出最終的入學(xué)決定。

重點(diǎn)解讀：

單選提前行動(dòng) Single-choice Early Action（SCEA）和限制性提前行動(dòng) Restrictive Early Action（REA）是兩種特殊的提前行動(dòng)，是有排他性的，即限制你申請(qǐng)其他學(xué)校的 ED 和私立大學(xué)的 EA。

典型代表目前是耶魯大學(xué)，明確聲明你選擇了 SCEA 之后，就不能同時(shí)申請(qǐng)其他學(xué)校的 ED 和其他私立學(xué)校的EA 了；換句話說(shuō)，如果你申請(qǐng)了其他學(xué)校的 ED 或其他私立學(xué)校的 EA，就不能再申請(qǐng)耶魯?shù)?SCEA 了。但是錄取結(jié)果是不綁定的，如果獲得了錄取，申請(qǐng)人可以在5月1日前決定是否接受錄取入學(xué)。

4.常規(guī)申請(qǐng)Regular Decision(RD)

Students submit their applications by a specified deadline—usually in January or February—and are typically notified of their decision by the end of March or in early April. If admitted under a Regular Decision plan, you will typically have until May 1 to make your final enrollment decision.

學(xué)生在指定的截止日期前提交申請(qǐng)——通常是在1月或2月——通常會(huì)在3月底或4月初通知他們的決定。如果你是在常規(guī)錄取計(jì)劃下錄取的，你通常要到5月1日才能做出最終的入學(xué)決定。

重點(diǎn)解讀：

常規(guī)錄取無(wú)任何關(guān)于捆綁承諾和唯一排他的性質(zhì)，可以同時(shí)申請(qǐng)多所大學(xué)的常規(guī)錄取，錄取后，可在5月1日前自行決定去或不去。

5.滾動(dòng)申請(qǐng)Rolling Admissions

Applications are reviewed as they are submitted and admissions offices render and release decisions throughout the admission cycle. Typically, with rolling applications, the earlier you apply, the earlier you hear back. Some institutions may have a final cut-off deadline late in the spring or summer, but many institutions keep rolling admissions open and available until they have filled their incoming first year class, sometimes up until the start date of the term for which you are applying.

申請(qǐng)?zhí)峤煌暾瓦M(jìn)行審理，招生辦公室在整個(gè)錄取周期內(nèi)提供和發(fā)布決定。通常，對(duì)于滾動(dòng)申請(qǐng)，您申請(qǐng)得越早，收到回復(fù)就越早。一些機(jī)構(gòu)可能會(huì)在春季或夏季晚些時(shí)候有最后的截止日期，但許多機(jī)構(gòu)會(huì)繼續(xù)開(kāi)放招生，直到他們招滿了即將到來(lái)的第一年的學(xué)生人數(shù)才會(huì)截止。

重點(diǎn)解讀

先到先審制；以循環(huán)方式，入學(xué)申請(qǐng)沒(méi)有一定的截止日期，申請(qǐng)資料隨時(shí)寄到就隨時(shí)開(kāi)始審核，以錄滿當(dāng)年的名額限制為準(zhǔn)。

但申請(qǐng)者要意識(shí)到，不要以為沒(méi)有截止日期就可以不著急遞交申請(qǐng)表。

大多數(shù)情況下，越早申請(qǐng)，被錄取的機(jī)會(huì)就越大。因?yàn)殡m然遞交申請(qǐng)表沒(méi)有截止日期，但獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金、助學(xué)金和宿舍安排的申請(qǐng)卻有截止日期。

02主要申請(qǐng)類型的利弊總結(jié)及選校建議

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